More On The Chinese Bird Flu Mystery

 

# 2757

 

 

Over the past four months we've seen several reports that indicate that `something mysterious', and fairly serious, is going on with China's poultry operations. 

 

Today, we get another piece of the puzzle handed to us, but it is still not enough to draw any firm conclusions.


First, excerpts from a Reuters report this morning on the sale of chicken feed in China.  

 

Yes, I said chicken feed.

 

Bird flu, rural downturn ravage China poultry numbers

Tue Mar 3, 2009 4:42am GMT

 

By Niu Shuping and Tom Miles

BEIJING, March 3 (Reuters) - The impact of bird flu and the economic slowdown may have cut China's poultry numbers by about a third or more in the last month, executives in the poultry feed industry said on Tuesday.

 

Although China has not disclosed any significant outbreaks of bird flu or the extent of the impact on the industry, feed company executives say the sector has suffered a dual blow from disease and a drop in demand that could keep stocks in short supply into the third quarter.

 

"There have been very few restocks after the Chinese Lunar New Year. Poultry stocks could have fallen by 30 to 40 percent compared to last year," said one executive from a leading feed and poultry producer.

 

<snip>

 

The executive said many chicken slaughter houses were closed, including half of those in the largest poultry producing province of Shandong, mainly because of outbreaks of bird flu.

 

"Feed demand has been very sluggish. Besides bird flu, there are also other chicken diseases. Our sales have fallen by 30 percent," one official with a major feed producer in Shandong told Reuters. He asked that his company and name not be named.

 

"IT'S WINTER FOR THE INDUSTRY"

China has not officially reported any outbreaks of bird flu among chickens, and Chinese media have not reported the number of birds culled because of outbreaks. China only reported eight human cases of bird flu in January. Five people died from the H5N1 strain of the disease.

 

But feed officials told Reuters that outbreaks have also killed much of the poultry breeding stock, driving up prices for young chicks.

 

(Continue . . .)

 

 

Taken by itself, this story wouldn't seem significant enough to raise any eyebrows.  Essentially, the sale of chicken feed in China is off by 30% or more.

 

But when we put it in context, this raises some interesting questions.

 

China is the world's largest producer of domestic poultry.  Some 12 billion chickens, and 3 billion ducks and geese are thought to be held at any given time.   Not really surprising given the 1.3 billion mouths to feed in that country.

 

According to the Chinese MOA (Minister of Agriculture), Yu Kangzhen, their vaccination and biosecurity programs are very efficient, and very few outbreaks have been reported in China over the past year.

 

Last November, we received word via the dissident press (which admittedly has an anti-Beijing Bias) that large numbers of chickens were dying in Jiangsu Province.  

 

There were reports (see Dissident Press Coverage Of Jiangsu Outbreak) that dead chickens were soaked in hydrogen peroxide, then frozen, and shipped to customers in Shanghai, Shandong, Henan and other provinces and cities.


Beijing denied that the H5N1 virus had killed any birds in Jiangsu, although they did admit finding traces of a `mutated' bird flu virus in some healthy appearing birds in that province. 

 

Official: tide of poultry death not from bird flu in east China province

www.chinaview.cn 2008-12-20 00:55:57

 

    BEIJING, Dec. 19 (Xinhua) -- The recent tide of poultry death in two cites in east China's Jiangsu Province was not from the infection of bird flu, said an agricultural official here on Friday.

 

The provincial agriculture and forest bureau held a press conference on Friday to clarify wrong reports by some media saying sample chickens, which were tested positive of mutant H5N1 virus from Dongtai City and its neighboring Hai'an County were among the dead chickens.

 

    "The sample chickens for the test were living ones, which did not show symptoms of sickness," said Wu Peiliang, head of the bureau.

 

They planned to `change their vaccine' to deal with the problem.

 

Then in January, China reported 8 human cases (5 fatalities) of H5N1 infection from all around the country.   Not many, given their population of 1.3 billion, but the first reported human cases in almost a year.

 

The Health Minister stated that nearly all of the victims had close contact with poultry.   The Agricultural Minister maintained that the country's poultry was free of bird flu.

 

Accounts that were clearly at odds with each other.

 

Meanwhile, dead infected chickens were washing up on the beaches of Lantau Island in Hong Kong, presumably dumped into the Pearl River and carried to the ocean from Guangdong province.

 

Charges of cover ups became fodder for mainstream newspapers both in Hong Kong, and abroad.   Time and Newsweek both carried major stories questioning the veracity of the Chinese denials of bird flu outbreaks on the  mainland.

 

China suspected of covering up bird flu outbreak

 

China is suspected of covering up an outbreak of bird flu among poultry, according to experts.

 

By Malcolm Moore in Shanghai
Last Updated: 11:56AM GMT 04 Feb 2009

The accusations came after at least 21 dead birds, including ducks and chickens, washed up on beaches in Hong Kong. At least three of them have tested positive for the H5N1 avian flu virus.

 

The Hong Kong government has said that there are no bird farms near where the corpses washed ashore and that it is liaising with the Chinese authorities to determine if they came from the Pearl River delta region.

 

Abruptly, at the end of January, we stopped hearing about human cases in China.  This, despite warnings from the Health Ministry that more cases were `expected'.

 

Time Magazine ran a major story on the suspected `cover up'.

 

Is China Making Its Bird Flu Outbreak Worse?

By Austin Ramzy / Beijing Friday, Feb. 13, 2009

Farmers prepare to bury dead chickens on Feb. 5 in Chongqing, China, where nearly 12,000 chickens have been found dead in a local village since January 30. The cause of the death<br />is still not determined

Farmers prepare to bury dead chickens on Feb. 5 in Chongqing, China, where nearly 12,000 chickens have been found dead in a local village since January 30. The cause of the death is still not determined

China Photos / Getty Images

 

The article quotes Dr. Guan Yi, a virologist from the University of Hong Kong and a true hero of the SARS outbreak, as being openly suspicious of China's claims of not detecting the H5N1 virus in their poultry.

 

Other well respected scientists, like Dr. Lo Wing-Lok of Hong Kong, a communicable disease expert, stated in early February that officials had been less than forthright about the spread of bird flu in poultry.

 

After the discovery of dead, infected birds washed up on the beaches of Lantau Island, he told Bloomberg news, "There's no doubt of an outbreak of bird flu in China, though the government hasn't admitted it."

 

 

During the first week of February, Dr. Zhong Nanshan - a well respected respiratory disease specialist and hero of the SARS outbreak - publicly stated that healthy looking poultry could be carrying the H5N1 virus.

 

He warned the public to be aware that poultry can be infected with the bird flu virus but show no symptoms. Zhong went on to say, "The existing vaccines can only reduce the amount of virus, rather than totally inactivating it."

 

Dr. Zhong's theory was not exactly warmly embraced by China's Ministry of Agriculture.   They insisted that they've had no reports of sick poultry and had inspected healthy-looking birds, and could find no sign of H5N1 infection. 

 

 

During early February, I wrote a number of blogs on this emerging story, including:

 

The Chinese Bird Flu Mystery

File This Under: Maybe We Can't Cure You, But We'll Be Happy To Touch Up Your X-Rays

China Defends Poultry Vaccination Program

Zhong Nanshan On Asymptomatic Poultry

 

 

But by mid-February, the story had pretty much gone cold.  No new reports were coming out of China, and there was little information to add to our mounting suspicions.

 

I had some anecdotal evidence.  A contact on the mainland told me that chicken prices were high, and supply was limited.  But nothing really solid.

 

The last real information we received came on February 18th, when Hans Troedsson, the World Health Organization's (WHO's) representative in China, stated that :

 

The bird-flu virus was nearly entrenched in China's poultry population and represented a threat to world health.

 

Today's report from Reuters, that chicken feed sales are down by 1/3rd, that bird flu  `outbreaks have also killed much of the poultry breeding stock', and that `many chicken slaughter houses were closed' paints a picture of a badly affected poultry industry.

 

China, which depends heavily on their massive poultry industry to feed their population, has put a great deal of faith in their poultry vaccination operations.  

 

Not all countries, and their scientists, share that faith.  In fact, many countries have decided that vaccines may do more harm than good.

 

In February of 2006, when the UAE (United Arab Emirates) was considering the introduction of bird flu vaccinations, Dr Linda Logan, USDA attache for the Middle East and North Africa, said  "Vaccinations will mask and hide the symptoms. You won't see the birds dying [even though they are infected] so you may spread it to your neighbors."

 

There is growing speculation that this is exactly what has happened in China.   That `silently infected' birds are spreading the H5N1 virus across that nation. 

 

If true, this could severely impact China's food supply, not to mention expose more people to the H5N1 virus.

 

Of course, the information we have right now is anecdotal, and much of it is second and third hand knowledge. 


The only people who really know what is going on with China's chickens are in the power loop in Beijing.


And right now, they aren't saying.

»» Read More

Indonesian Official: Four More Bird Flu Fatalities

 

 

# 2856

 

 

Overnight the International press has reported that the head of the Indonesian Bird Flu Commission, Bayu Krisnamurthi, revealed that the death toll in Indonesia from bird flu had increased to 119 cases.

 

This is an increase of 4 fatalities since the last numbers were provided to the WHO (World Health Organization) on January 22nd.

 

There are reasons to believe, however, that this latest tally may be several weeks old. 

 

On February 11th and 12th, newshounds on both FluTrackers and the Flu Wiki picked up on local media reports of statements attributed to a couple of local officials that the new tally stood at 145 cases and 119 deaths.   

 

On Flutrackers, posts #96, #97, and #98  (Hat tip Dutchy & Fla1)  on this thread have local media reports attributing these new numbers to the local head of UNICEF, Jinung D Kritanto,  and to Emil Agustiono, Vice Chairman Executive Committee of Komnas FBPI.

 

And that was three weeks ago.  

 

The issue was `discussed' on the flu forums, but no follow up ever came from the Health Ministry, and the WHO never updated their numbers. 

 

 


Today's announcement (Xinhua has it, for some reason, as 117 deaths) of 119 deaths has yet to be reflected in the WHO's numbers.  Perhaps later today, assuming that Depkes - The Indonesian Health Ministry - plans to confirm these numbers.

 

First this, from the Associated Press, then some discussion.

 

 

Mar 3, 3:55 AM EST

4 Indonesians die of bird flu; toll climbs to 119

By IRWAN FIRDAUS
Associated Press Writer

JAKARTA, Indonesia (AP) -- Four Indonesians have died of bird flu, bringing the death toll in the country hardest hit by the disease to 119, an official said Tuesday.

 

Bayu Krisnamurthi, chief of the National Bird Flu Commission, said all the victims were believed to have been infected after coming into contact with sick poultry. They were from Java island and died in January and February.

 

Indonesia, which has been criticized in recent months for refusing to immediately make public news of human deaths and in some cases hushing them up all together, has been worst affected by bird flu since it started ravaging Asian poultry stocks in late 2003.

 

<snip>

 

Krisnamurthi had little details about the latest deaths, saying only that two were siblings from the city of Bogor and the others were women from Bekasi and Surabaya.

(Continue . . .)

 

 

 

The `siblings from Bogor'  would appear to be Ruslani (30) and his sister Nurul, who both died in mid January.  A third sibling, Ridwan (35), was reportedly suffering from a high fever and refused medical treatment.


Details on this incident are  here. 

 

We've never heard anything, one way or the other, about the fate of the 3rd sibling.

 

The `woman from Surabaya' is most likely ST (18) who died at Dr Sutomo hospital in Surabaya in late January. 

 

After her death, we received word (see Indonesia: Health Care Workers Quarantined)  that a doctor and 4 paramedics of Dr Sutomo hospital Surabaya were quarantined due to severe flu-like symptoms. 

 

Two tested negative for H5N1, but as of Feb 22nd, 3 were supposedly still in critical condition.


Once again, we've heard no follow up to this report.

 

Pinpointing the 4th victim, a woman from Bekasi, becomes more difficult.  Over the past two months there have been multiple reports of suspected cases from that city.

 

Hopefully we'll get more details when the WHO updates their information.

 

Of course, the actual number of human H5N1 infection in Indonesia is unknown. 

 

These are just the `officially recognized' cases. 

»» Read More

Study: Nasal Flu Vaccines Generally Less Effective Than Shots In Adults

 

 

# 2855

 

 

 

The study, which appears in today's issue of JAMA (Journal of the American Medical Association) is entitled:

 

Live Attenuated or Inactivated Influenza Vaccines and Medical Encounters for Respiratory Illnesses Among US Military Personnel 

 

Zhong Wang, PhD, MPH; Steven Tobler, MD, MPH; Jean Roayaei, PhD; Angelia Eick, PhD, ScM  

JAMA. 2009;301(9):(doi:10.1001/jama.2009.265).

 

The study compared the incidence of `influenza' and pneumonia among more than 1 million military personnel over the 2004-2005, 2005-2006, and 2006-2007 influenza seasons.

 

Military personnel receive either the TIV (trivalent inactivated vaccine) - the flu shot most people are familiar with - or the LAIV (live attenuated influenza vaccine) via a nasal spray.

 

By looking back at who got which type of vaccine (shot or nasal spray), and who was subsequently treated for influenza-like-illnesses or pneumonia, researchers conclude that the standard flu shot is more effective in adults than the nasal spray, particularly among adults that have received immunizations in the past.

 

This from the New York Times.

 

 

 

Nasal Flu Vaccine Less Effective in Adults Than Shots, Study Finds

 

By RONI CARYN RABIN

Published: March 2, 2009

 

For the best protection against winter flu, adults may just have to roll up their sleeves and take shots the old-fashioned way.

 

After reviewing the medical records of over one million adults in the United States military over a three-year period, researchers have found that conventional intramuscular shots reduced doctor visits for flu-like symptoms by up to 54 percent, while an intranasal vaccine curbed flu-related visits by just 21 percent at best.

 

The intranasal vaccine, FluMist, is primarily marketed for use in children and is believed to be more effective than the conventional vaccine for them. But FluMist is the only nasal spray flu vaccine approved in the United States, and it is increasingly popular among adults.

 

The results echo findings from previous studies, which reported that conventional flu shots are more effective in adults. The new study was posted online Monday in The Journal of the American Medical Association.

 

“Our results are consistent with other studies and data — they’re in the same ballpark,” said Dr. Zhong Wang of the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center in Silver Spring, Md., who is first author of the study.

 

Military personnel who received flu shots had 54.8 percent fewer health care visits for flu-like symptoms and pneumonia than those who received no vaccine at all in the 2004-05 flu season, 30.7 percent fewer visits the following year and 28.4 fewer visits in 2006-07, the researchers found.

 

By contrast, those who took the inhaled vaccine had 20.8 fewer visits than the unvaccinated population in 2004-05, 12 percent fewer visits the next year and 10.7 percent fewer visits in 2006-07.

 

(Continue . . . )

»» Read More

WHO Updates Latest H5N1 Case In Egypt

 

 

# 2854

 

 

Freshly posted on the WHO's Epidemic and Pandemic Alert and Response (EPR) page are the details on the latest case out of Egypt, which was reported by yesterday.

 

 

 

Avian influenza - situation in Egypt - update 5

 

2 March 2009 -- The Ministry of Health and Population of Egypt has reported a new confirmed human case of avian influenza on 1 March 2009. The new case is a two-year old male from Yousef el seddik district of Fayoum Governorate whose symptoms began on 25 February. He was hospitalized and treated at the Manshiet Elbakry general hospital on 28 February and is currently in a critical condition. Infection with H5N1 avian influenza was confirmed by the Egyptian Central Public Health Laboratory on 1 March.

 

Investigations into the source of infection indicate a history of close contact with dead and sick poultry prior to becoming ill.

 

Of the 56 cases confirmed to date in Egypt, 23 have been fatal.

»» Read More

Vietnam: Complacency Spreading Bird Flu

 

# 2853

 

 

In 2004 and 2005, when Vietnam was known as the world's most bird flu affected nation, that nation began serious containment and eradication programs.

 

As a measure of their success, Vietnam went through all of 2006 and the first half of 2007 without reporting a single human case.  Even reports in poultry were rare.

 

It seemed, at least for a time, that through a combination of public education, disinfection of poultry farms, and a rigorous vaccination program that Vietnam had beaten back the virus. 

 

Unfortunately, in the past 18 months, bird flu has re-emerged in Vietnam, resulting in at least 16 human infections.

 

According to the Deputy Prime Minister, Nguyen Sinh Hung, public education about the dangers of the virus are either not filtering through to the public, or are simply disbelieved.

 


Worse, agencies whose job it is to vaccinate poultry appear to have inflated the number of birds inoculated in order to reap more profits.

 

The following are excerpts from a much longer article that appears in today's Thanh Nien News.    Follow the link to read it in its entirety.

 

 

 

 

Deputy PM lambasts lax bird flu control

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

A street vendor sells duck noodle on a Hanoi street last Friday.

 

Deputy Prime Minister Nguyen Sinh Hung rebuked authorities for failing to control and prevent bird flu this week as the virus and other animal diseases spread to several new localities.

 

Though local governments have improved disease control since bird flu first hit Vietnam in 2003, they have not focused on containing outbreaks, according to a statement Hung issued after chairing an online conference on bird flu prevention Thursday.

 

Hung said only half of the country’s inoculation target had been met.

 

The Health Ministry has said it is still storing some 100 million of the 250 million vaccine shots it imported last year.

 

At another meeting last week, the ministry’s Department of Animal Health said several veterinary agencies’ reports that some provinces had vaccinated 40- 60 percent of their poultry and cattle were inaccurate.

 

Some agencies had overstated the number of immunizations to collect vaccination fees from the government, the department said.

 

<snip>

 

Hung argued that bird flu awareness campaigns had yielded few positive results.

 

Health officials said citizens have yet to realize the seriousness of the problem and are not taking proper precautionary measures.

<snip>

 

Chicken and poultry products are still being sold in large quantities in many bird-flu-affected provinces despite local bans. Many sellers have said they did not care about the diseases and many don’t understand the virus is dangerous to humans.

 

(Continue . . .)

»» Read More